📖Peter Lynch

Story Changes

🌿 Intermediate★★★★★

The only valid reason to sell is when the fundamental story you bought into no longer applies.

💬

Sell when the story changes.

— *One Up On Wall Street*，1989

🏠 Everyday Analogy

Just as you would naturally distance yourself from a friend you initially befriended for their humor, only to find them dull, the same applies to buying stocks. When the reasons that originally attracted you disappear—such as a company losing its competitive edge or its industry outlook deteriorating—it’s time to part ways.

📖 Core Interpretation

When the original rationale for the purchase no longer holds, it should be sold.
💎 Key Insight：Lynch does not sell because a stock drops 10% or because a pundit says the market is overvalued. He sells when the reason he bought has changed: the growth story stalls, management makes a strategic mistake, or the competitive landscape shifts permanently. Price alone is never a reason to sell. Recheck the story regularly and sell only when it breaks — then sell without hesitation.

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❓ Why It Matters

Investment is based on specific expectations; a change in expectations necessitates reassessment.

🎯 How to Practice

Ask yourself: Why did I buy it in the first place? Does that reason still hold true today?

🎙️ Master's Voice

Absent a lot of surprises, stocks are relatively predictable over twenty years.
Lynch observed that over long periods, stock returns track earnings growth. Short-term noise fades; long-term fundamentals prevail.

⚔️ Practical Guide

✅ Decision Checklist

  • What will earnings look like in 20 years?
  • Am I focused on long-term fundamentals?
  • Am I ignoring short-term noise?

📋 Action Steps

  1. Think in 20-year horizons
  2. Focus on earnings trajectories
  3. Ignore quarterly noise

🚨 Warning Signs

  • Short-term focus
  • Ignoring long-term trends
  • Reactive to news

⚠️ Common Pitfalls

✕Distinguish between temporary fluctuations and fundamental changes.
✕Do not sell over minor concerns.

📚 Case Studies

1
Fannie Mae Turnaround Story (1982)
After deregulation, Fannie Mae shifted from a struggling, overregulated agency to a profit-focused mortgage giant, cutting costs and repricing risk.
✨ Outcome：Lynch bought during pessimism, held as earnings surged, and realized multi-bagger returns as the story changed from near-bankrupt to growth powerhouse.
2
Chrysler Comeback Story (1986)
Once seen as a bankruptcy candidate, Chrysler restructured, repaid government loans, and launched popular models like the minivan, restoring profitability.
✨ Outcome：Lynch invested as sentiment improved but before full recognition on Wall Street, profiting as the stock re-rated alongside the company’s revival narrative.

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