Benjamin Graham (May 9, 1894 – September 21, 1976) was a British-born American economist, professor, and investor, widely known as the "father of value investing." His work laid the foundation for modern security analysis and investment philosophy. Graham taught at Columbia Business School for nearly three decades, where his students included Warren Buffett, who later called him the second most...
"The investor must be prepared financially and psychologically for the possibility of wide price fluctuations."
Prepare both your finances and emotions for inevitable large price swings to avoid destructive panic reactions.
Read Full Analysis →"The public speculator is invariably wrong at extremes."
The general public consistently makes its worst investment decisions at market peaks and troughs.
Read Full Analysis →"Market fluctuations should be viewed as an opportunity to buy low and sell high."
Treat market volatility as a source of opportunity by buying undervalued assets during downturns.
Read Full Analysis →"The investor who permits himself to be stampeded by market declines is perversely transforming his basic advantage into a basic disadvantage."
Selling during market panics converts your temporary paper loss into a permanent real loss.
Read Full Analysis →"In the short run, the market is a voting machine. In the long run, it is a weighing machine."
Short-term prices reflect popular opinion, but long-term prices ultimately reflect actual business fundamentals.
Read Full Analysis →"Imagine that you own a small share of a private business, and one of your partners, named Mr. Market, is very obliging indeed."
Treat the market as an emotional business partner whose daily price quotes you can exploit or ignore.
Read Full Analysis →Benjamin Graham has 6 key principles on market psychology. The most important one is "Bull and Bear Markets" — The investor must be prepared financially and psychologically for the possibility of wide price fluctuations.
Benjamin Graham applies market psychology through several key principles including "Bull and Bear Markets" and "Crowd Psychology". These principles guide practical investment decisions and have been tested across decades of market cycles.
Benjamin Graham's approach to market psychology is distinguished by a focus on long-term thinking and fundamental analysis. With 6 specific principles in this area, Benjamin Graham provides a comprehensive framework that investors at any level can study and apply to improve their decision-making.
